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To the Editor of "Daily News"

Dear Sir,

As a teacher of the F.M. Alexander Technique (qualified by Patrick J. Macdonald and Peter Scott - who ran the Alexander Foundation after Alexander - in August 1964), I am always interested in what is going on in "Alexander Technique's world". One of my pupils brought me a copy of your newspaper from Monday, September 22nd, 1980, where I found the article "Bye bye backache". I read it with great interest. And, if I understand the article in your newspaper properly it seems to me that those teachers who are responsible for the above article have a different understanding of and a different approach to the F.M. Alexander Technique. And as I am looking for a comnon denominator between the teachers of the F.M. Alexander Technique, I wonder who is the real and genuine follower of F.M. Alexander's work; who adheres to Alexander's Principles - the result of his experiments, experience, discoveries, conclusions and consequences.

Observing the work of many teachers of the Alexander Technique from different training courses, working with them, reading what they wrote, hearing what they say concerning the Alexander Technique, brought me to the sad conclusion that the teaching of the Alexander Technique, has become more and more some kind of "gymnastics guided by manipulation". And as far as I understand it, this is not what Alexander meant in his teaching. To explain what I mean I would like to begin with a selection of "Notes of Instruction" - things Alexander said while teaching. One can find them in the book "The Resurrection of the Body" - according to my understanding of the Alexander Technique it should be "The Resurrection of the Self" - pages 3 to 12. I will bring those I chose in the order found in the book.

l) They may have an intellectual conception of what they want, and they may write down what they want to bring about, but how are they going to do it? They are not doing THE thing that alters the rest.

2) Change involves carrying out an activity against the habit of life.

3) When you are asked not to do something, instead of making the decision not to do it, you try to prevent yourself from doing it. But this only means that you decide to do it, and then use muscle tension to prevent yourself from doing it.

4) It's not getting in and out of chairs even under the best of conditions that is of any value; that is simply physical culture - it is what you have been doing in preparation that counts when it comes to making movements.

5) There is no such thing as a right position, but there is such a thing as a right direction.

6) You can't do something you don't know, if you keep on doing what you do know.

7) You are not making decisions; you are doing kinesthetically what you feel to be right.

8) Everyone is always teaching one what to do, leaving us still doing the thing we shouldn't do.

9) The experience you want is in the process of getting it. If you have something, give it up. Getting it, not having it, is what you want.

10) Any fool can do the thing he wants to feel - there is no trouble about that. The difficulty is to make him feel he does not want to feel.

ll) If your neck feels stiff, that is not to say your neck "is" stiff.

12) They won't try and get out of the chair unless they feel they have that something that will get them out of the chair: that something is their habit.

13) Prevent the thing you have been doing and you are half way home.

14) You can't know a thing by an instrument that's wrong.

15) The point is that "intellectuality" as we understand it, means it can only be used when we are wrong within us.

l6) He gets what he feels is the right position, but that only means that he's getting the position which fits in with his defective coordination.

17) They prevent the very ideals in which they say they believe from materializing by the principles on which they work.

18) I can do the best I can for you, and if you don't know it and don't understand it, you will react to me as if I were your enerny.

19) No one could be satisfied to go on every day getting no result unless he saw the way.

20) You all believe that you must know whether you are right or wrong if you are to make progress.

2l) You are not here to do exercises, or to learn to do something right, but to get able to meet a stimulus that always puts you wrong and to learn to deal with it.

22) You come to learn to inhibit and to direct your activity. You learn, first, to inhibit the habitual reaction to certain classes of stimuli, and, second, to direct yourself consciously in such a way as to affect certain muscular pulls, which process brings about a new reaction to these stimuli. Boiled down, it all comes to inhibiting a particular reaction to a given stimulus. But no one will see it that way. They will all see it as getting in and out of a chair the right way. It is nothing of the kind. It is that a pupil decides what he will or will not consent to do. They may teach you anatomy and physiology till they are black in the face - you will still have this to face, sticking to a decision against your habit of life.

23) You all want to know if you are right. When you get further on, you will be right, but you won't know it and won't want to know if you're right.

24) You want to feel whether you are right or not. I am giving you a conception to eradicate that. I don't want you to care a damn if you're right or not. Directly you don't care if you're right or not, the impeding obstacle is gone.

25) The old idea of trying to be right has remained with us, in spite of the fact that conditions have changed and our right is wrong.

26) Don't come to me unless, when I tell you you are wrong, you make up your mind to smile and be pleased.

27) When people are wrong, the thing that is right is bound to be wrong for them.

28) To know when we are wrong is all that we shall ever know in this world.

29) Don't you see that if you "get" perfection today, you will be farther away from perfection that you have ever been?

30) When anything is pointed out, our only idea is to go from wrong to right in spite of the fact that it has taken us years to get wrong: we try to get right in a moment.

31) Like a good fellow, stop the things that are wrong first.

32) The minute you change it, the thing that isn't a strain feels a strain.

33) Everyone wants to be right, but no one stops to consider if their idea of right is right.

34) There is so much to be seen when one reaches the point of being able to see, and the experience makes the meat it feeds on.

35) He gets what he feels is the right position, but when he has an imperfect co-ordination he is only getting a position which fits with his defective coordination.

36) Sensory appreciation conditions conception - you can't know a thing by an instrument that is wrong.

37) When the time comes that you can trust your feeling you won't want to use it.

38) It doesn't alter a fact because you can't feel it.

39) What you gain in one way you 1ose in anotheF. Therefore you rhust not try for specific results.

40) Specific prevention is permissible only under conditions of non-doing, not in doing.

41) The whole organism is responsible for specific trouble. Proof of this is, that we eradicate specific defects in process.

 

Starting from the above selection of Alexander's sayings I would like to express my views of the article published in your newspaper.

"... TO COORDINATE MOVENENT AND "UNDO" THE CAUSE".

I wonder what "undo" the cause means? As far as I know, in teaching the F.M. A1exander Technique we deal with the "cause" - the general misuse and the malfunctioning of the whole self (and I will deal with it later) and not with symptoms. Concerning "coordination of movement" we are "end-gainers". The coordination of the "visible movement" is a by-product of the right relationship between head and spine (in Alexander's terms "The Primary Control". I call it "The Basic Relationship"). The everlasting process of synchronizing and adjusting the balance between the head and the spine dictates the functioning of our body in our daily activities. If this balance is right - it means that the process is of letting the NECK to be FREE; thus the HEAD can flow FORWARD and UP in relation to the spine; thus the back can LENGTHEN and WIDEN (in short - SPREAD) - then we have within us the right conditions for the use of ourselves we are balanced and coordinated in our functioning; there is a chance for a free flow of energies in ourselves (mind-body as an integral and interbalanced entity). We may call this flow of energies "invisible motion". When this "invisible motion" is not blocked, then there is a chance for the "visible movements" to be properly coordinated

 

"... NOT TO LOCK YOUR HEAD AND NECK MUSCLES..."

A teacher of the F.M. Alexander Technique is not concerned with the muscles or with any other specific part of the body. We deal with the "whole", the self. When the neck is not free (not for a moment, but more or less constantly as a result of misuse of the self) we direct-stimulate the pupil to free the neck as a neck and not as a bundle of muscles. The neck should be free - as a constant process - and the teacher helps the process by adding the directions-stimuli that he sends from his own "Primary Control" through his hands to the pupils body simultaneously with the decision of the pupil to free his neck. After some time the practical experience the pupil receives through the hands of the teacher integrates with his awareness (conscious control in Alexander's terms) and his deciding process, and he can produce himself the same direction in himself.

"... - A SPECIFIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE HEAD AND THE NECK..."

There is a relationship between the head and the WHOLE SPINE, and not only the neck; the neck is a part of the whole spine. It is a key part in the spine, but in the relationship of the head to the spine the neck is (as it is) anyway a part of the whole spine. - The "Primary Control" exists in us whether our use of it is right or wrong. This is a fact of Nature. If there is misuse, the Primary Control is wrong and our functioning in daily life is wrong. When the use is right the Primary Control is right (or the right use is a by-product of the Primary Control). Then the functioning is right. Proper Primary Control results in the process of a "FREE NECK which enables the HEAD to float FORWARD AND UP ("up" means away from the spine.- not towards the sky), to enable the BACK to LENGTHEN AND WIDEN (to spread).

 

"A KEY GOAL IS TO "AIM UP" TO SENSE THE ENERGY FLOW FROM THE BASE OF SPINE, THROUGH THE NECK OUT THE TOP OF THE HEAD."

Why not vice-versa? One of the most important discoveries of Alexander was that our sensory-appreciation is not reliable any more, that we cannot trust our senses and be guided by them. We feel right in performing our daily activities. It feels normal. But if everything with our sensory appreciation is so right, why is there so much wrong and negative in our human society and in the world?

Alexander discovered and realized that he could not rely on his habitual reaction that was guided by the sensory appreciation. So he came to the conclusion that this habitual reaction should be inhibited (neutralized). Only when you stop the wrong can the right take place. To use the senses as a guide means to continue using the wrong instrument, the wrong means. It cannot lead us in the right direction. We do not stop to feel - we cannot stop – but we do not TRY to feel, we do not concentrate on what we sense and do not adapt the sensation as a guide, as a criterion, as a judge for what is right or wrong.

We are not after a "key goal" or any other goal. We are after a way, a process that does not end and goes with us as long as we live. When we are after a "goal" it means that we are, as Alexander expressed it, "end-gainers". What does it mean (according to the article) "to reach the goal"? When we reach it, what comes next?

And what does it mean to "aim up"? Is it to extend the body toward the ceiling, the sky, the sun? When we, teachers of the Alexander Technique, use the word "up" in teaching, we include in this word "neck free, head forward and up, back lengthen and widen"; it includes the directions and the decision to spread, to open in all directions; to unlock; to stop contractions; to stop "going in", to stop "shrinking" – all over, not away from the center of the globe towards the outer space.

 

"ONCE AN INSTRUCTOR PHYSICALLY HELPS YOU BALANCE YOUR SKULL PROPERLY ON THE SMALL NECK MUSCLES (AVOIDING THE COMMONLY MISUSED THICKER SHOULDER ONES), MUSCLES IN SHOULDERS, BACK, ARMS AND LEGS UNLOCK AUTONATICALLY..."

But in practical teaching the teacher may have to direct-stimulate not just the neck specifically. The neck is a key part of the Primary Control, but not a specific one to deal with it in teaching. It is not a "magic, point" to press on and "all doors will be opened". We employ the "directions" all over the body. But these "directions" always concern and reach the Primary Control. We do not concentrate on a specific and limited part of the "whole". As Alexander expresses it in "The Use of the Self" "All together, one after the other". First and always, and continuously "all together". And when we are aware of the "all together" we can see the specific details, that remain always part of the whole when we relate to them "one after the other", in the whole as whole.

 

"... AND LENGTHENING OF YOUR SPINE..."

Alexander describes in his book "The Use of the Self", in the first chapter "Evolution of a Technique" (in "The Resurrection of the Body" you can find it under the title "The Australian Story") the process of the creation and development of his technique. He described there very clearly that, when he tried to lengthen his back he found that while lengthening his back, he tended to narrow it. Therefore his conclusion was that he has to lengthen and WIDEN the back at the same time. It means to SPREAD the back, all over. It is not a mechanical extension of the spine, used in the conventional ways of dealing with the body as a "physical body". "Directions" in Alexander's sense are so-called physical reactions. But their source and origin is not the habitual stimulus-reaction activity that takes place in the habitual way we use ourselves in our daily activities. In the process of acquiring the new and improved use we have to say "bye bye" not to symptoms, as backache etc. We have to say bye bye to our habitual use. The backache is a by-product of this misuse. Me have to employ our "inhibition" - neutralizing the wrong, the false. The "inhibition" we employ when we become aware of the wrong, when we use our "Conscious Control".

"... BODY WORK. SINCE ALEXANDER IS A PHYSICAL DISCIPLINE,... "

It seems that this sentence shows a fatal misunderstanding of the Alexander Technique by the one who thought it necessary to say something about the Alexander Technique (as it is written above). It is completely clear in Alexander's writings and to those who practice the Alexander Technique that any division between body and mind, any separation of the psycho-physical wholeness in dealing with living creatures - not to speak about human beings - is wrong and against all natural processes. Among the principles that underly the Alexander Technique one only is no more than a mechanical-physical-motorical fact, that does not necessarily have any relation to the fact that our reactions to stimuli are influenced by our state of mind: The "Primary Control" (or Basic Relationship), the relationship between the head and the spine, dictates the way we function in all our daily activities. Not only we, human beings, but all creatures whose body is based on a skeleton.

Now, in the use of the self (and in "use" and "self" the mind is a component part of the whole entity, it is not separated from the body, the matter) is included our reacting activity to stimuli of life and we are not able to react to these stimuli properly. As we misuse ourseives and this is expressed and mirrored in our functioning, and because this misuse is an accumulating one and became habitual, thus we interfere with and distort our Primary Control and thus our functioning becomes wrong.

 

So, the mind is part and parcel of the whole, and without the mind - the "Conscious Control" - the awareness - without the recognition of the force of habit, without the recognition of our faulty sensory appreciation, without the inhibition of the wrong reactions to stimuli, without sending "directions" for a new and improved use of the self - what does one with the body alone?!

 

"AN INSTRUCTOR'S OWN BODY MOVENENT ALSO SERVES AS A MODEL FOR PUPILS".

May-be in gynnastics, or dance, or something similar to those two - but not in teaching and learning the Alexander Technique. The visible movement of a teacher cannot be of any help in teaching the Alexander Technique. One cannot experience the required "directions" by watching the teacher and trying to imitate what one saw. One has to experience the "directions" that are produced and flow from the teacher's use, through his hands and to the pupils self. We are not after positions. We are after directions, after conditions.

 

"BETWEEN LESSONS, A STUDENT PRACTICES TWO POSITIONS INTEGRAL TO THE TECHNIQUE - A 'MONKEY' STANCE FOR STOOPING AND BENDING, AND 'REST' POSE (LYING DOWN MITH A COUPLE OF BOOKS UNDER YOUR HEAD)..."

In teaching the teacher uses what we call the "monkey position". Unfortunately, Alexander used here a term that is against his technique - something fixed, a position - though if one takes the trouble to read at least his sayings that I brought at the beginning of my letter, one can read there clearly that Alexander emphasized again and again that we are after the "directions", not positions. There are no right positions when the conditions are wrong. When the directions bring about the right conditions the stooping and bending will be right; when one manages to nourish the process of freeing the neck, to let the head go forward and up, to let the back lengthen and widen while activating the body - the visible activity will be right. When one lies down on one's back, it is not the number of books that counts. What counts is the height - the number of centimeters or inches. The teacher decides how high it shou1d be.

 

"IT SOUNDS COMPLICATED, BUT ITS JUST A MATTER OF MOVING YOUR BODY WHERE IT WANTS TO GO."

It sounds complicated because we tend to make things complicated in our mind. But "to move the body" and call it Alexander Technique is not what Alexander intended to do, and what he wanted to teach us.

 

"ALL IT TAKES IS CONCENTRATION..."

And this is exactly what we have to prevent and avoid if we want to be benefited by the A1exander Technique. To "concentrate", as we, in our Western civilization understand and practice it, is to focus and lock our attention on something, to confine, to close, to go in, to block, to contract. This is exactly what we try to eradicate through the adaptation of the Alexander Technique. We want to open, to spread, to be able to accept and digest and react through openness and freedom what ever comes to us, what ever we meet in our ever changing and flowing life.

 

"PEOPLE WITH MINOR INJURIES DON'T NECESSARILY NEED IT,..."

I am afraid the person who said so about the Alexander Technique "did not get the message" and does not understand what it is all about. We should see the Alexander Technique as a preventive measure, first. It is much easier and more logical to prevent the wrong before we let it "speak".

 

Coming back to the first, page of the article - "IN APPROXINATELY 30 (THIRTY) LESSONS, THE ALEXANDER TECHNIQUE IS A WAY TO BECOME AMARE OF YOUR BODY IN MOTION: HOW TO SIT, STAND, WALK, WORK AND PLAY PAINLESSLY".

It is unfair to deceive a person who comes for lessons by telling him how many lessons he will need. No teacher knows the number of lessons one needs. It is "end-gaining" to count the number of lessons. The pupil develops expectations and is looking for result-"end". And when what he expects does not come, frustration comes, disappointment, embarrassment, etc. In the first meeting the teacher should make it clear to the future pupil that he is a PUPIL and not a PATIENT. The teacher will teach the pupil how to inhibit his habitual reaction to stimuli, he will stimulate - direct the pupil through his hands for the new and improved conditions - directions for the improved use of the self and the functioning of the whole body as one working-unit by balancing it through the right Primary Contrpl. The "conscious control", the awareness is not for the visible motion. It is for the "inhibition", for the directing process, for noticing what is wrong, not to DO something right. As a matter of fact a teacher who understands Alexander's work properly and has the skill to teach it, does not teach you "how to sit, stand, walk, work and play painlessly". Stimulating the pupil for some activity, to perform a visible motion means first of all to teach him to inhibit his habitual reaction and to refrain from "doing" it.

We teachers of the F.M. Alexander Technique, are not healers. We are not here to cure symptoms and to take pains and aches away. We are here to teach those who are ready to learn and to be taught something that is new for them and against their life-long habits.

Now, after this long letter, I would suggest that the reader should take the trouble of reading Alexander's sayings again, it will then make more sense to him.

Let me finish this letter with another of Alexander's sayings "Be careful of the printed matter: you may not read it as it is written down."

 

Sincerely

 

 


Index

 

Bye Bye backache - Going straight with the Alexander Technique

by Leslie Stackel

Daily News, Monday, September 22, 1980

 

"Don't force your chin up. Lean forward but don't try to straighten your back. Let your head guide the movement, and don't arch!"

No, this is not a rehearsal for a ballet or practice for an Olympics team. It is a sample lesson in the Alexander Technique, a century-old method designed by an ailing Australian actor, F. Matthias Alexander, to align posture and generally ward off the physical ills caused by tension and body "misuse".

According to Alexander teachers and pupils (the words "doctor" nad "patient" are not used), the technique eases symptoms of spine disorders, sciatica, and some of the all-too-common sores of mechanized society – muscle spasms, neck stifeness and arthritis. In aproximately 30 lessons, the Alexander Technique is a way to become aware of your body in motion: how to sit, stand, walk, work and play painlessly.

 

Unlike physical therapy or chiropractic work, the technique goes beyond treating physiological ailments. Alexander believed the nervous stress created by physical problems also affectd behavior and psyche. Thus, by treating the source of pain, and focusing on the interaction of all body parts, general well-being is enhanced.

 

Reaching for a telephone, for example, can trigger an entire set of stressful body reactions. You probably tilt your head back and chin up, constrict your neck and arm muscles, then pull your shoulder joint in close to your body and grasp the phone, creating pressure on your spine and overall physical tension. The Alexander Technique shows you how to relax your head and neck, loosen the joint high in your shoulder, and reach out for the telephone with greater ease.

 

One of the nice things aobut the technique is that it bypasses tedious exercises. In a typical lesson, an instructor pinpoints the problelm, then slowly and gently reteaches the pupil, by example and guidance, to coordinate movement and "undo" the cause.

 

The first step to correct slumping posture, for instance, is learning not to lock your head and neck muscles, which then press down and shorten your spine and contract shoulder muscles.

 

Basic to the technique is "Primary Control" – a specific relationship of head and neck that produces body fluidity. A key goal is to "aim up", to sense the energy flow from the base in the spine, through the neck, out the top of the head

Once an instructor physically helps you balance your skull properly on the small neck muscles (avoiding the commonly misused thicker shoulder ones), muscles in shoulders, back, arms and legs unlock automatically. Tightness and pressure are gradually replaced by expansiveness and lightness in your body and lengthening of your spine. Shallow breathing, symptomatic of tense body movement, is corrected and the slump slowly disappears as new neuromuscular habits form.

 

The instructor plays an active role in the technique's body work. Since Alexander is a physical discipline, teachers use practical means such as hand guidance and mirrors. An instructor's own body movement also serves as a model for pupils.

Between lessons a student practices two positions, integral to the technique – a "monkey" stance for stooping and bending, and a "rest" pose (lying down with a couple of books under your head), both devised to reduce the chances of back strain and stregthen head, neck and spinal connections.

 

"The Technique is not a therapeutic cure, but an educational experinece", explained Tom Lemens, a young, soft-spoken instructor who recently fonded The Institute for the Alexander Technique and teaches the method in his Gramercy Park studio. "It sounds complicated, but it's just a matter of moving your body where it wants to go

All it takes is concentration, commitement and a good instructor".

 

Skeptical scientists and a public wary of non-traditional cures have kept the technique a relatively undergound, word-of-mouth pehnomenon for decades. Still it has had prestigious boosters, Noble laureate Sir Charles Sherrington, a renowned British neurophysiologist, pronounced the

Theory scientifically sound soon after Alexander remedied his own chornic laryngitis with the technique. Aldous Huxley, John Dewey and George Bernard Shaw were early enthusiasts.

 

But full credibility didn't come until 1973, when another Nobel winner, physiologist Nikolaas Tinbergen, endorsed the theory.

 

Registered physical therapist and technique instructor Deborah Caplan says that growing numbers of Gestalt psychotherapists in New York City and orthopedists in hospitals such as Beth Israel and Columbia Presbyterian are referring patients to Alexander centers. Collaborating with orthopedic surgeon Edwin Stampler, Caplan has applied the technique to several cases of teenage scoliosis. She has been successful enough with the majority of her pupils to have spared them the common spinal curvature therapy: the cumbersome Milwakee brace.

 

Osteopath Richard Bachrach, a former Caplan pupil, maintains that anyone with developmental, hereditary or occupational posture problems is a likely candidate for the technique.

"People with minor injuries don't necessarily need it" he says, "but for others, stretching and manipulation just wont work in the long run. They need to change their daily behavior"

 

Long-time sufferers often turn to the technique as a last-ditch effort. Dancer June Avril, victim of a back injury, spent two years visiting doctors, chiropractors, dance and relaxation teachers. After one week of the Alexander Technique with Tom Lemens, her pain stopped.

 

"I'm still astonished, and haven't yet figured out the reason, she says. I've never had that fast or a deep response at anything. A not-unappreciated by-product for Avril has been a trimmer waistline and a rejuvenated figure. "It's as if the technique reversed the whole negative spiral caused by my injury"

 

While the technique is not exactly an holistic version of Emily Post's rulebook on posture, neither is it only aimed at devastating spinal flaws or people whose work and lifecycle is synonymous with severe physical strain. It can benefit people of all ages an physical tone.

 

"Lawyers, teachers, secretaries come to me for a specific problem or simply to keep their bodies in good working order", says Joel Kendel, executive director of the American Center for the Alexander Technique. "But the most common complaint is backache".

 

According to Tom Lemens, more people are complaining that their lives are filled with physical body traps – cars, production assembly lines, high heels – that sabotage natural use of the body. "People slouch, hunch over, arch their backs, and just become habituated to doing something a certain way. Most people can't find their way clear without aid".

The Alexander Technique is one old "alternative" offering a new direction out of the neuromuscular mess.